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Temperature
Temperature units converter. Easy conversion of Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine and other temperature related (heat) units.
Some facts
  • Defined according to wikipedia: Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature. Specifically, temperature is a property of matter.
  • More useful (for physicists) definition says that temperature is average kinetic energy of single particle divided by number of degrees of freedom.
  • Contemporary, statistical definition of temperature appeared with the development of statistical thermodynamics in the nineteenth century.
  • The concept of temperature makes sense for systems composed of a large number of particles only. It makes no sense to ask what is temperature of single particle.
  • The lowest possible temperature in the nature is 0K called absolute zero point.
    • It corresponds to -273,15oC or -459.67oF.
    • Most of motion form are stopped when temperature goes to 0K. The only exception is oscillatory motion, which never stops. This facts can be predicted theoretically by solving Schroedinger equation for harmonic oscillator. Then, it turns out, that quantum harmonic oscillator has non-zero kinetic energy even in ground state (lowest). It means, that the nature is in is in constant motion and nothing can stop it!
  • Before development of statistical physics, temperature was pure experimental size. Poeple could measure it and there were discovered many relations beetwen temperature and other macroscopic variables like pressure or volume. However, these concepts were totally isolated from remaining fields of physics, especially from Newton dynamics. Applying of statistical methods shows how macro state (temperature, pressure etc.) depends on micro state (single particles level).
  • Basic temperature unit in SI system is 1K (one kelvin). However, due to practical or historical reasons, other units are used. In everyday life, most common are:
    • Celsius degrees - scale constructed to fit 0oC to water melting point and 100oC to water boiling point under normal conditions. So, it's well adjusted to everyday life scenarios.
    • Fahrenheits degrees - alternative scale widely used in USA, Cayman Islands, Bahama or Belize.
  • Temperature of body is important marker of general health of warm-blooded organisms, including humans. Body temperature of healthy human is 36,6oC.
  • The device measuring temperature is called thermometer. There are many different kinds of termometers for example:
    • liquid thermometer - based on the phenomenon of thermal liquid expansion, usually mercury or alcohol are used,
    • bimetal thermometer - based on different thermal expansion of two metals,
    • gas thermometer – based on gas state equation, it can measure volume with constant pressure or vice versa,
    • electric thermometer – based on relation beetwen electric properties and temperature.
Units
The Kelvin is the base unit of temperature in SI. Other common temperature units are: degree Celsius, degree Fahrenheit, degree Rankine, degree Delisle, degree Newton, degree Réaumur, degree Rømer.

Units in converter are:
  • Kelvin - the SI base unit. Defined by two points:
    • 0 K is absolute zero - the lowest possible temperature. No heat energy remains in a substance, so nothing could be colder. It is equal to -273.15°C and -459.67°F
    • 273.16 K is triple point of water (precisely: Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water) - which is equal to 0.01°C and 32.018°F
  • degree Celsius (°C) - named after Anders Celsius (1701 – 1744).
    The 0°C on the Celsius scale was defined as the freezing point of water and 100°C was defined as the boiling point of water under a pressure of one standard atmosphere. This definition was valid from 1744 and is still really close to current definition.
    However, it was redefined in 1954 by international agreement - and makes the Celsius unit intervals equal to Kelvin intervals. Currently "degree Celsius" is defined as:
    • −273.15 °C is absolute zero - the lowest possible temperature.
    • 0.01 °C is triple point of water - precisely: Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water.
  • degree Fahrenheit (°F) - freezing point of water is 32 °F and the boiling point 212 °F.
  • degree Rankine (°R, °Ra) - 0 °R is absolute zero, however Rankine degree is defined as equal to one degree Fahrenheit. This means, that intervals for Fahrenheit and Rankine is the same, only "zero point" is different.
  • degree Delisle (°De)
  • degree Newton (°N)
  • degree Réaumur (°Ré)
  • degree Rømer (°Rø)
How to convert?
  • Enter the number to field "value" - enter the NUMBER only, no other words, symbols or unit names. You can use dot (.) or comma (,) to enter fractions.
    Examples:
    • 1000000
    • 123,23
    • 999.99999
  • Find and select your starting unit in field "unit". Some unit calculators have huge number of different units to select from - it's just how complicated our world is...
  • And... you got the result in the table below. You'll find several results for many different units - we show you all results we know at once. Just find the one you're looking for.
value: unit: decimals:



Kelvin [K]
degree Celsius [°C]
degree Fahrenheit [°F]
degree Rankine [°R, °Ra]
degree Delisle [°De]
degree Newton [°N]
degree Réaumur [°Ré]
degree Rømer [°Rø]
Tags:
temperature

Tags to Polish version:
temperatura